A trip east on Route 25A on Long Island reveals a gap in the foliage just above the Nassau-Suffolk County line on the left and a drop of water known as Cold Spring Harbor. This fresh and salt water defines, nurtures and nourishes it and becomes its raison d'etre.
“Water is the hallmark of what is now Cold Spring Harbor,” says Robert G. Hughes in his book Images of America: Cold Spring Harbor (Acadia Publishing, 2014, p. 7). “It was known to the locals as Wawapex or 'at the nice little water spot'. European settlers from the 17th century referred to the area as rich in freshwater springs. "
Like a mirror, this water reflects changes in color and character as manifested - grayish gray on cloudy days, cobalt blue when clear, and orange and red near its shores in autumn. It also reflects its history. It serves as equality and becomes a means of sustaining the lives of those who settle there.
Just a few hundred meters behind this scene, the road turned left and led through a very small neighborhood. But also genes. It glitters through its harbor and radiates its history through its nature, museums, and restored buildings. This is a living example of how the destination has evolved through time, transportation, and technology. And a day spent here will tell.
Cold Spring Harbor Story:
Located on the north coast of Long Island, mostly on the west bank of what was Huntington's first harbor in 1653, the waterway originated and provided many of the means by which it developed over the next three centuries.
Electricity, originally, overturned factories that cut down local trees, supplied wood to build farms, and milled the grain they grew, all made possible by the dam over the Cold Springs that John Adams built in 1682. It was a sawmill and sandpaper that wove and producing paper.
"Lakeside dams and large ponds generate energy to power sand mills, saws, paper and wool, where local grains, trees and wool are for food, logs, paper, barrels and woven materials such as towels, blankets and blankets, " according to CSHFHM News: Bulletin of the Fire Department at the Port of Cold Springs (winter 2015).
Water also positioned Cold Spring Harbor as a shipping port, which was another important role when, on March 2, 1799, a Congressional bill appointed a customs surveyor. He is entrusted with the authority to register and license vessels to be chartered ashore for trade and fishing as well as to board and disembark whaling vessels and to issue grant lists and other ordinary documents. "
Without a prominent land infrastructure, the country relied on rivers and seas for passenger and freight traffic during this period. In the case of Cold Spring Harbor, the water served as a schooner for shipping rice, coffee, sugar, timber, coal, sand and gravel to New York and beyond, especially along the east coast and as far as the West Indies, the Caribbean. Cold Spring Harbor's integral role in coastal trade is reflected in the 99 ships registered there in 1883.
And its waters become a threshold for whaling ships that sail further afield.
"Nine ships sailed from Cold Spring Harbor from 1836 to 1862, all sailing for up to two years," says Hughes (cited on page 8). "Shafts from local breweries, bungtown barrels, local farm produce and meat, and other local produce are used to equip the boats for their monthly voyages to Alaska."
Although the discovery of oil in Pennsylvania soon eliminated the need for whale oil and related products, along with the whaling industry that hunted it, the Long Island neighborhood continued its forging, shipbuilding, and shipping.
But the beautiful seaside location led to another major destination - tourism - during the Golden Age. Escaping the summer heat and seeking recreational activities, they travel on Manhattan's water-powered steamships and stay for weeks in elegant resorts with many amenities such as Glenada, Forest Lawn and Lorlaton. The water offers swimming, rowing and more fishing.
Of course there is plenty of seafood in the form of oysters, fish and shellfish - so much so that the latter's generosity is reflected in the name "Clamtown" on the east side of the harbour.
While the major resorts are now gone, their tourism industry, which covers most day trips, continues in a city packed with major landmarks, colonial shops, and restaurants, all of whose business districts are listed on the List of Places. National Historic.
VIEW:
Cold Spring Harbor's various attractions serve as both natural and man-made footprints.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory:
Founded in 1890 when the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences established a field station on the west coast of Cold Spring Harbor so students could study nature instead of books, this laboratory offers premiere courses in biology and has shaped modern biomedical research and education ever. since with cancer, neuroscience, and plant and quantitative biology programs. This resulted in eight Nobel Prize winners.
"The educational program introduces students to the latest ideas, discoveries and technologies in biology and life sciences and enables them to work with some of the world's most innovative scientists in an open, collaborative environment," he said. "We offer programs for children, teachers, students, high school and graduate students, and established academics."
For tourists or day travelers, 90-minute campus tours are offered.
Hatchery and aquarium in cold spring harbor:
Cold Spring Harbor Fishmonger and Aquarium was founded by the State of New York in 1883 and is now a nationally recognized historic landmark.
“Fish farming is an instant success,” says Hughes (quoted on page 32). "Their first leader, Frederick Mater, imported brown trout from Germany. Soon thousands of kilograms of fish were raised and released into local rivers and lakes."
In 1982, it reopened as a non-profit educational center, aquarium, and trout hatchery to raise awareness and understanding of the country's freshwater ecosystem. It contains the largest collection of aquatic reptiles, fish and amphibians.
Some exhibits allow visitors a better understanding.
For example, the Fairchild exhibition building serves as the entrance to the facility, gift shop, and aquarium. In its last appearance, it shows blue-spotted sunfish, bows, black bulls, and crabs, and in larger tanks, turtles - spotted, flooded, broken, spiny soft shell, wood, and northern diamond species. The frog and salamander amphibian exhibit in New York is the largest living collection of native amphibians in the Northeast.
Outside there are trout, warm water and a pond with turtles covered in nets to protect them from hungry storks and osprey.
"The hatchery and aquarium, as well as warmwater fish, are kept in water that originates from Lake St. John, which is south of the hatchery and east of St. John's Church," the facility said. “This stream is raw seawater; no treatment or screening is used. The water temperature varies from 34 degrees in winter to over 80 degrees in summer. Hot spring fish thrive in water that reaches such temperatures.”
Two round lakes that clean themselves of trout and rainbow trout between 1.5 and 2.5 years old.
Visitors can dine or fish at Tidal Raceway, whose waters flow into Long Island Sound. Bait can be purchased and there is a fee per kilogram for each catch.
The breeding and breeding tank, located opposite the main facility, serves as a breeding and breeding ground for trout eggs, which are picked up in early November and produce life the following month. After four months, they move to their own breeding tank, which serves as an intermediate facility between the hatchery trough and the larger open trout pond.
The Walter L. Rose II Aquarium Building, the interior of both hatcheries, is home to more than 30 different species of freshwater fish native to New York State such as perch, yellow bass, catfish, brown bull, string, and green sunfish. . and lake trout. Newly hatched turtles from outdoor turtle ponds are also featured here.
Behind the building is one of five artesian wells that supply fresh water to the hatchery.
Bungtown School:
A wooden marker behind the fish hatchery points to the top parking lot of St. Parish. John, the location of the so-called Bungtown School or the first school building on the West Side under the direction of Cold Springs Harbor. Built in 1790 and originally 24 feet long, 4.4 feet wide and 4.50 m high, the building rose to prominence when President George Washington made his construction trip from Widow Platt's tavern in Huntington to Oyster Bay on April 23 of that year. .
According to a now-legendary story, he stopped, reached out to lift one of the bars, and even left a silver dollar for the workers.
The structure of the room is functional, but hardly rich: long wooden benches rotated on both sides with wooden tables, which are attached to the wall under the window. The large fireplace provides warmth. Estimates vary by age, between five and 21 years.
While the curriculum consists of reading, writing, grammar, spelling, arithmetic, and geography, and includes spreadsheets and transcripts, it includes religion. In fact, the day begins with a prayer or Bible verse after the disciples who cut the wood themselves are warmed by the fire.
The increased uptake immediately requires augmentation - in this case it is 51 feet long. Apart from education, schools became a breeding ground for those who eventually entered the whaling industry. The plugs used to seal wooden barrels of whale oil or "bungs" have earned the name "Bungtown School".
Even so, it served its purpose for more than a century, but closed in 1884 and its last class took place on December 21 of the same year.
St. Episcopal Church John:
Bungtown School briefly served a secondary purpose - as a location for Cold Spring Harbor episcopal services - to St. The last John was built there in 1835 after the district founders pledged $2,000 for the project.
Using the column and beam method, made of hand cut wood, completed with concave joints and tenons, the interior walls, exterior are plastered with cedar tiles and stained glass by Tiffany. Two years later, in April, it was ordained.
In 1950, it was moved further north and 40 feet east of the landfill. Twelve years later it was expanded with an extension.
Lake St. John and the Sanctuary:
At first glance, an oval gemstone of blue serenity, surrounded by lush greenery and decorated with ducks gliding across its glass surface, Lake St. John and the Sanctuary, by the side of the church, not only reflect the sky, but almost as if it reflects the soul about it.
It grows from a lower dam and is surrounded by steep forbidden farmland and includes some of the oldest forest on Long Island. It's the perfect place to be alone and communicate with nature.
Cold Spring Harbor Environmental Center and Library:
The impressive 6,500-square-foot Cold Spring Harbor Environmental Center and Library, which spans the entire city with sweeping harbor views, occupies 5 acres of Cold Spring Harbor State Park and reflects the growing number of community guests who now represent about 8,500 local residents.
It dates back to 1886 when it kept its book collection in a residential building. At the end of the century, the post served this purpose. In 1913 he moved into a brick building and 73 years later he settled in the East Side School. This implementation opened in 2006.
To the left after entering is a carpeted reading room, which is almost like an office in a palace villa. The atmosphere is enhanced by light leather armchairs, marble fireplaces, and the painting "Punta della Dogana" by Stoke Webster that hangs above the fireplace. The outdoor deck decorated with rocking chairs offers views of the harbor and moored boats.
The oil-on-canvas painting "Reflections II: View of Lloyd's Harbour" by Pauline Gore Emmett in the Quiet Room extends the gallery feel of the facility, but historically significant here is the wood paneling that lists 43 names from both Spring Harbor cold school districts, involved in the Civil War between 1861 and 1866.
Other facilities in the three-story library include a nursery, story room, crafts training center, tween area, ecology center, local history room, archive room, and the newly opened youth subway.
Cold Springs Harbor State Park:
Part of the library and adjacent to the library is Cold Spring Harbor State Park, which is described as "consisting of 40 acres of rolling land offering views of Cold Spring Harbor. It features mixed deciduous forest with specimens of enormous three foot diameter oak trees and laurel shrubs. wild mountain.
Topographically steep, it takes a steep ascent over dirt and wooden steps to reach the slopes and continues past giant tulips and oaks towering over the arching mountain bush before descending to the lake on the other side and the red-tailed eagle owl. Various migrations of songbirds can be observed in spring and autumn.
As the Greensant Nassau-Suffolk trail north, it extends into Bethpage State Park and finally to the south coast of Long Island.
Along the coast:
The Town of Huntington Ramp is across Main Street (Route 25A) from Cold Spring Harbor State Park. However, strolling there can be filled with fish-scented airflow before you can actually see the surface of the water and the slow-moving boats circling the sandstone.
Like floating buoys, they mark the threshold to this village on the North Island on the North Coast. A small piece of grass serves here as the perfect place for a picnic. The fishing rod stands out from those who expect the catch of the day and dinner for the night.
A walk further into town reveals a different view of the harbor, but the serenity is in stark contrast to the artifacts of the World Trade Center cross dedicated to the memory of local victims made during the September 11, 2001 and 2001 terrorist attacks. Cold springs have lost to the firehouse harbor. "Everyone gives something, but some gives everything," he declared philosophically.
Closer to the pavement is another memory, but older, - a historical marker showing that "Israel Ketchum of Cold Springs Harbor, though in a fake prison, discovered a plot to assassinate Washington in June 1776". no matter how far they are from.
Another historical landmark, in the early corner of the city's splendor of shops and restaurants, is reminiscent of the once-dominant factory.
"The paper mill built by Richard Conklin around 1782 produced fine linen paper at (c) the end of Mill Dam and Bridge, 75 meters to the north," he suggested.
Although the factory itself no longer exists, much of the city's architectural heritage has been preserved.
"The Winter Spring (as it was originally called) happened more than 200 years ago as it is today," says the fall edition of the CSHFHM newsletter. "Same harbour, same hills, same valley through which Bedlam and Black Streets passed and which is now known as Main and Spring Street. It was a parish of commerce."
In addition to the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and the Cold Spring Harbor Fish Pond and Aquarium at the city's entrance, there are several other major attractions.
Cold Spring Harbor Firehouse Museum:
Like the public library, the city's fire station had many seats before it was acquired, and the museum building, which preserves and interprets its history, lasted more than a century before it could.
His first location, in the cable business but known as the Teal Building, was on the 11th. He moved to a new, larger fire station built in 1906 and lived with the Phenix Machinery Company, which had been defending the community since 1852.
In 2007, local residents saved the original Teal building from demolition, which was acquired, moved, restored, and preserved and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the museum's current facade.
"We invite you to step into the past," says the brochure. Visit our state-registered fire department. See and feel the textures of the walls and ceiling tiles. Enjoy the tiny sounds of the museum's centuries-old nickel-plated Deon. Let your imagination run wild in time as next-door neighbors This little whaling port is fighting the ravages of fire."
Museum facilities include a Phenix hand shower, a Ford Model TT chemical truck, and an American La France engine from 1939. Other artifacts and exhibits include a Pompier ladder, signal lamp, bullets, copper and brass fire extinguishers, fire grenades, leather buckets, and extinguishing equipment. fire.
The dome that decorated the fire station in 1930 is outside behind the museum. After the district council decided to replace it with aluminum, it was found in pieces and carefully restored to its current state.
Methodist Episcopal Church and Pulau Panjang Conservation:
Across the main street and not far from the Cold Spring Harbor Fire House Museum is the Methodist Episcopal Church, another building in the city that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Built in 1842 by Israel Valentine, a local craftsman, during whaling season on the land acquired by Judge Richard M. Conklin, who himself was a partner in the whaling company Cold Spring Harbor, the front facade and truck configuration during Years.
Back then, the town's main street, reflecting the pre-motorized era, was a path wide enough for a horse-drawn carriage to pass and right outside the church door.
After serving the community for 149 years, the building closed in 1996 and was acquired by the Long Island Preservation for use as the main exhibition gallery and lower administration.
Founded in 1948 as the Long Island Society for the Preservation of Ancient Islands, but renamed in 2017, it states that its mission is to “work with the people of Long Island to protect, preserve and celebrate our region's cultural heritage”. education and management of historical sites and collections."
With more than 8,000 locations, it has one of the most important regional material culture groups in New York State. Its exhibition gallery displays four centuries of visual and decorative arts, architecture and historical documents. Previous exhibits have focused on landmarks, maps, photos and antiques.
Whaling Museum and Education Center:
Of Cold Spring Harbor's many attractions, the Whaling Museum and Education Center is one of the most famous. This is well reflected in its mission to "engage communities in exploring the diversity of our whaling heritage and its implications for enriching and informing our lives".
It is known as "the only year-round museum that explores Long Island's whaling history".
"Long Island is invaluable for its vital whaling heritage," he said on the 19th-century website. Cold Spring Harbor, one of the three whaling ports on Long Island (along with Sag Harbor and Greenport), offers a microcosmic view of a 19th-century American whaling town. "
The museum runway is the only fully equipped 19th-century whaling ship in New York State. Crafted from white oak and with sails and ropes made of American hemp, the 1,000-pound ship is 28 feet long and six feet wide. Usually manned by half a dozen, these ships are equipped with 18 to 22 oars and were last used by Daisy, the British brigade from New Bedford, during one of America's last whaling voyages from the Caribbean to South George Island in the Atlantic between 1912 and 1913. The 143 whaling ships, which made about a thousand voyages from Cold Spring, Sag Harbor and Greenport during that era, were equipped with three to five such vessels, launched only after a whale was found.
"...(full size) it had three masts, carried four or five small boats, and had the largest crew," reads the Golden Age of Whaling article in Amityville Record (July 13, 2021). “There were six people on the small boat, and the ship's guards (steward, cook, cooper, blacksmith or carpenter) stayed on the boat while the small boat chased the whales. They are built to cover the longest distances and can stay at sea for three to four years.”
For a long time the crew took their time and carved images on herringbones.
The last whaling ship stationed on Long Island sailed in 1871 but never returned.
Other museum exhibits include a model of the Charles W. Morgan ship, a killer whale skull, a diorama depicting Cold Spring Harbor in the 1850s, marine art, and one of the main collections of the Northeast Scramble Show. This era is full of reenactments like the James General Store, People on Deck, and Life Below Deck. Other displays include "Waterproofing Whale Vessel", "Barrel of Whale Oil" and "Cooking with Whale Oil in Tripot". Video monitor films enrich the experience with documentaries like Charles W. Morgan's 38th Journey.
The museum's 6,000 objects and archives preserve Cold Spring Harbor's maritime history, and its 2,800 library collection consists of primary and secondary volumes and manuscripts from the city's whaling fleet, ship logs, and Long Island coastal trade magazines.
Cold Spring Harbor DNA Training Center:
The Center for DNA Studies, the educational unit of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, is the city's last major attraction but is considered the world's first biotech museum.
"Since the DNA Learning Center was founded in 1988," according to its website, "we have been encouraging genetic education for students and families. We provide biotechnology classes through laboratory visits to students in and around New York. More than 700,000 High School and High School students intermediate schools have seen our hands-on approach to science teaching over the last 30 years. We offer private excursions and summer camps in Long Island and New York."
BUSINESS:
While shopping may have no historical connection, the Cold Spring Harbor building turns out to be a preserved bag from its past.
"... Many of our shops and businesses are housed in buildings where the captain of the ship once lived," said the CSHFHM newsletter in the fall. "Our beautiful harbor now welcomes visitors arriving by cruise ship and caters to recreational, baymen and fishing boats."
Antiques, art, souvenirs, jewelry and candles are sold in the shops on Main Street, which has a New England vibe.
Country Club Studio, for example, presents itself as a "gift with a Tiffany touch." Visitors encounter a number of scents and scents when entering the house of culture and candles. And Kellogg's Doll House features and sells carefully assembled museum-quality dollhouses made from 3/8” birch plywood.
RESTAURANT:
Food in Cold Spring Harbor depends on food and money. For example, Gourmet Whaler offers light snacks for lunch such as tacos, burgers, burgers, sandwiches, salads, and quesadillas. Offering "great coffee and great delicacy", Sweetie Pies on Main offers croissants, mini pizzas, pretzels, quiches and salads, as well as sweet side dishes such as muffins, pastries, pastries and cappuccino cakes.
Two restaurants offer a more elegant choice.
Grasso's, founded in 1994, takes diners "on their way from the ancient city in 1850 to modern New York-style restaurants and jazz clubs with New American cuisine," he explains.
The menu includes appetizers with grilled artichokes and scallops from Prince Edward Island; Roasted peaches on a high wind and classic Caesar salad; grilled Atlantic salmon, chicken parmesan, and Long Island duck; and dessert with tartafo, gelato, tiramisu and triple chocolate mousse.
Regarded as "Cold Spring Harbor's Best Steak, Italian and Seafood", Harbor Mist is the second local restaurant. The menu includes half shell scallops, mozzarella caprese, Mediterranean salad, sesame with pickled yellowfin tuna, Michelle's pork chop, fillet mignon and lamb rack. Both restaurants have extensive wine lists.
Despite being packed, a day in Cold Spring Harbor is naturally, historically, and culturally rewarding.
Bibliography:
CSHFHM News: Cold Spring Harbor Museum of Fire Station Newsletter, Winter 2015
CSHFHM News: Cold Springs Harbor Museum Bulletin, Fall 2019.
Cold Spring Harbor Hatchery and Aquarium website.
Cold Spring Harbor Fire Museum website.
Cold Spring Harbor Environmental Center and Library Newsletter, July-August 2021
Amityville Record The Golden Age of Whaling. July 13, 2021
Hughes, Robert C. Image America: Cold Spring Harbor. Charleston, South Carolina: Acadia Publishing, 2014.
Long Island Biennial Conservation Report: 2019-2020. Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
Long Island Conservation Records Bulletin. Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Fall 2020.
Website of the museum and whaling training center.
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